Middle European Mathematical Olympiad 2025 Problem I-1FunctionalFunctionsInequalitiesLet R+\mathbb{R}^+R+ be the set of positive real numbers. Let f :R+→R+f\colon \mathbb{R}^{+}\to \mathbb{R}^{+}f:R+→R+ be a function such that for all x,y∈R+x,y\in \mathbb{R}^{+}x,y∈R+ it holds that yf2025(x)≥xf(y).y f^{2025}(x) \geq x f(y).yf2025(x)≥xf(y). Show that there exists a positive integer n0n_0n0 such that for all positive integers n≥n0n \geq n_0n≥n0 and for all x∈R+x \in \mathbb{R}^+x∈R+ it holds that fn(x)≥x.f^n(x) \geq x.fn(x)≥x. Remark. Here fnf^nfn denotes the function fff applied nnn times, this means fn(x)=f(f(…f(x)…))⏟n timesf^n(x) = \underbrace{f(f(\ldots f(x)\ldots))}_{n \text{ times}}fn(x)=n timesf(f(…f(x)…)).
Middle European Mathematical Olympiad 2025 Problem T-2AlgebraFunctionalFunctionsLet R+\mathbb{R}^+R+ be the set of positive real numbers. Determine all functions f :R+→R+f\colon \mathbb{R}^{+}\to \mathbb{R}^{+}f:R+→R+ such that for all numbers x,y∈R+x,y\in \mathbb{R}^{+}x,y∈R+, we have f(xy)+f(x)=f(y)f(xf(y))+f(x)f(y),f(xy) + f(x) = f(y)f(xf(y)) + f(x)f(y),f(xy)+f(x)=f(y)f(xf(y))+f(x)f(y), and there exists at most one number a∈R+a \in \mathbb{R}^+a∈R+ such that f(a)=1f(a) = 1f(a)=1.
Grade 12 2024 Problem 2AlgebraFunctionalFunctionsOdredi sve funkcije f:R→Rf: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}f:R→R takve da za sve x,y∈Rx, y \in \mathbb{R}x,y∈R vrijedi f(f(x)−y2)=yf(x2).f(f(x) - y^2) = yf(x^2).f(f(x)−y2)=yf(x2).
Grade 12 2025 Problem 2AlgebraFunctionalOdredi sve funkcije f:R→Rf: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}f:R→R takve da za sve x,y∈Rx, y \in \mathbb{R}x,y∈R vrijedi f(f(x))+f(y)=2y+f(x−y).f(f(x)) + f(y) = 2y + f(x - y).f(f(x))+f(y)=2y+f(x−y).